2022年國家不再下發(fā)近日，財(cái)政部下發(fā)《財(cái)政支持做好碳達(dá)峰碳中和工作的意見》通知表示，支持支持光伏、風(fēng)電、生物質(zhì)能等可再生能源，以及出力平穩(wěn)的新能源替代化石能源。作為實(shí)現(xiàn)碳達(dá)峰碳中和關(guān)鍵一環(huán)，大力發(fā)展光伏再次獲得“財(cái)神爺”的表態(tài)支持。
隨著發(fā)展光伏在全面準(zhǔn)確完整落實(shí)碳達(dá)峰碳中和工作的作用愈發(fā)突出，財(cái)政部對(duì)發(fā)展光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的態(tài)度已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)向更加積極，政策支持的力度也越來越大，釋放利好的頻次也越來越高。據(jù)“草根光伏”統(tǒng)計(jì)，這已是財(cái)政部2022年內(nèi)第4次表態(tài)支持光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。
（一）財(cái)政部：大力發(fā)展可再生能源，推動(dòng)解決可再生能源發(fā)電補(bǔ)貼資金缺口
2022年3月6日，財(cái)政部日前發(fā)布的《關(guān)于2021年中央和地方預(yù)算執(zhí)行情況與2022年中央和地方預(yù)算草案的報(bào)告》（以下簡稱《報(bào)告》）提出，促進(jìn)優(yōu)化能源結(jié)構(gòu)，完善清潔能源支持政策，大力發(fā)展可再生能源，推動(dòng)解決可再生能源發(fā)電補(bǔ)貼資金缺口。
《報(bào)告》明確，2022年中央政府性基金預(yù)算支出8071.34億元，較2021年預(yù)算數(shù)4059.97億元和執(zhí)行數(shù)4003.31億元，分別增長98.8%和101.6%。中國可再生能源學(xué)會(huì)風(fēng)能專業(yè)委員會(huì)指出，基于增加的政府性基金預(yù)算，有望解決可再生能源行業(yè)補(bǔ)貼問題。
（二）三部委：開展可再生能源發(fā)電補(bǔ)貼自查，可再生能源欠補(bǔ)有望一次性解決
3月28日，《國家發(fā)展改革委辦公廳、財(cái)政部辦公廳、國家能源局綜合司關(guān)于開展可再生能源發(fā)電補(bǔ)貼自查工作的通知》在網(wǎng)上流傳。通知要求，電網(wǎng)、發(fā)電企業(yè)對(duì)截至2021年12月31日并網(wǎng)的有補(bǔ)貼需求的全口徑可再生能源發(fā)電項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行自查，截至日期為4月15日。
（三）國務(wù)院：再撥付500億元可再生能源補(bǔ)貼
國務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)5月11日主持召開國務(wù)院常務(wù)會(huì)議。會(huì)議要求，確保能源供應(yīng)。在前期支持基礎(chǔ)上，再向中央發(fā)電企業(yè)撥付500億元可再生能源補(bǔ)貼，通過國有資本經(jīng)營預(yù)算注資100億元，支持煤電企業(yè)紓困和多發(fā)電。要優(yōu)化政策，安全有序釋放先進(jìn)煤炭產(chǎn)能。決不允許出現(xiàn)拉閘限電。

（四）財(cái)政部：支持光伏、風(fēng)電、生物質(zhì)能等可再生能源，以及出力平穩(wěn)的新能源替代化石能源
5月30日，財(cái)政部下發(fā)《財(cái)政支持做好碳達(dá)峰碳中和工作的意見》的通知。通知提出，（一）支持構(gòu)建清潔低碳安全高效的能源體系。有序減量替代，推進(jìn)煤炭消費(fèi)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)。優(yōu)化清潔能源支持政策，大力支持可再生能源高比例應(yīng)用，推動(dòng)構(gòu)建新能源占比逐漸提高的新型電力系統(tǒng)。支持光伏、風(fēng)電、生物質(zhì)能等可再生能源，以及出力平穩(wěn)的新能源替代化石能源。完善支持政策，激勵(lì)非常規(guī)天然氣開采增產(chǎn)上量。鼓勵(lì)有條件的地區(qū)先行先試，因地制宜發(fā)展新型儲(chǔ)能、抽水蓄能等，加快形成以儲(chǔ)能和調(diào)峰能力為基礎(chǔ)支撐的電力發(fā)展機(jī)制。加強(qiáng)對(duì)重點(diǎn)行業(yè)、重點(diǎn)設(shè)備的節(jié)能監(jiān)察，組織開展能源計(jì)量審查。
（五）財(cái)政部宣布！新基建、新能源納入專項(xiàng)債重點(diǎn)支持！加大退稅政策力度，加快財(cái)政支出進(jìn)度
6月2日，財(cái)政部召開支持穩(wěn)住經(jīng)濟(jì)大盤工作專題新聞發(fā)布會(huì)。財(cái)政部有關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人表示，此次國務(wù)院出臺(tái)的6方面33項(xiàng)一攬子政策措施中，有24項(xiàng)直接涉及財(cái)政職能，涵蓋稅收、專項(xiàng)債券、政府采購、支出政策、民生社保等。財(cái)政部門將主動(dòng)擔(dān)當(dāng)作為，迅速推動(dòng)各項(xiàng)政策落地見效，為穩(wěn)定經(jīng)濟(jì)大盤出力，推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行在合理區(qū)間。
財(cái)政部有關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人明確再次強(qiáng)調(diào)，要進(jìn)一步加大增值稅留抵退稅政策力度，加快財(cái)政支出進(jìn)度，加快地方政府專項(xiàng)債券發(fā)行使用并擴(kuò)大支持范圍，全力以赴穩(wěn)住市場主體，積極擴(kuò)大投資和消費(fèi)，支持保障糧食能源安全，支持保產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈供應(yīng)鏈穩(wěn)定，切實(shí)保障基本民生。
財(cái)政部部長助理歐文漢介紹，財(cái)政部已加快了地方政府專項(xiàng)債券發(fā)行使用并擴(kuò)大支持范圍。確保今年新增專項(xiàng)債券6月底前基本發(fā)行完畢，力爭8月底前基本使用完畢，將新基建、新能源項(xiàng)目納入專項(xiàng)債券重點(diǎn)支持范圍，更好發(fā)揮穩(wěn)增長、穩(wěn)投資的積極作用。
（六）五部委：加大金融支持力度促進(jìn)風(fēng)電和光伏發(fā)電行業(yè)健康有序發(fā)展
2021年2月，國家五部委聯(lián)合發(fā)布《關(guān)于引導(dǎo)加大金融支持力度促進(jìn)風(fēng)電和光伏發(fā)電等行業(yè)健康有序發(fā)展的通知》，提出了補(bǔ)貼確權(quán)貸款、足額征收可再生能源電價(jià)附加等政策措施，共同解決補(bǔ)貼拖欠問題。
（七）財(cái)政部：光伏扶貧、自然人分布式補(bǔ)貼優(yōu)先撥付
2020年1月20日，財(cái)政部、國家發(fā)改委、能源局聯(lián)合印發(fā)《關(guān)于促進(jìn)非水可再生能源發(fā)電健康發(fā)展的若干意見》有關(guān)事項(xiàng)的補(bǔ)充通知，確定了不再發(fā)布可再生能源補(bǔ)貼目錄，由電網(wǎng)企業(yè)代為發(fā)放可再生能源補(bǔ)貼的模式。意見明確，電網(wǎng)企業(yè)應(yīng)優(yōu)先兌付光伏扶貧、自然人分布式、2019年光伏競價(jià)項(xiàng)目、自愿轉(zhuǎn)平價(jià)項(xiàng)目。
同時(shí)，明確采用各類可再生能源發(fā)電項(xiàng)目“全生命周期合理利用小時(shí)數(shù)”作為其在20年（生物質(zhì)發(fā)電為15年）總共可享受補(bǔ)貼的發(fā)電小時(shí)數(shù)，超出部分按基準(zhǔn)電價(jià)并核發(fā)綠證參與交易。
各類項(xiàng)目全生命周期合理利用小時(shí)數(shù)如下：
風(fēng)電一類、二類、三類、四類資源區(qū)項(xiàng)目全生命周期合理利用小時(shí)數(shù)分別為4.8萬小時(shí)、4.4萬小時(shí)、4萬小時(shí)和3.6萬小時(shí)，海上風(fēng)電全生命周期合理利用小時(shí)數(shù)為5.2萬小時(shí)。光伏發(fā)電一類、二類、三類資源區(qū)項(xiàng)目全生命周期合理利用小時(shí)數(shù)為3.2萬小時(shí)、2.6萬小時(shí)和2.2萬小時(shí)。（草根光伏）

Recently, the Ministry of Finance issued the "Financial Support to do a good job of carbon peak carbon neutrality" notice, said support for photovoltaic, wind power, biomass and other renewable energy, as well as stable output of new energy to replace fossil energy.  As a key link to achieve carbon peak carbon neutrality, the development of photovoltaic once again won the support of the god of money.  

As the development of photovoltaic plays an increasingly prominent role in the full, accurate and complete implementation of carbon peak carbon neutrality, the Ministry of Finance has turned to a more positive attitude towards the development of photovoltaic industry, with more and more policy support and more and more favorable releases.  According to grassroots PHOTOVOLTAIC, this is the fourth time in 2022 that the Ministry of Finance has expressed support for the development of photovoltaic industry.  

(1) The Ministry of Finance: Vigorously developing renewable energy and promoting the settlement of the funding gap in subsidies for renewable energy power generation  

On March 6, 2022, the Ministry of Finance has issued "about 2021 central and local budget implementation situation with the 2022 report of the central and local draft budgets (hereinafter referred to as the" report "), promote the optimization of energy structure, improve the clean energy support policy, vigorously develop renewable energy, promoting renewable energy subsidies.  

According to the report, budgetary expenditures of central government-managed funds in 2022 will be 807.134 billion yuan, up 98.8% from the 2021 budgeted figure of 405.997 billion yuan and 101.6% from the actual figure of 400.331 billion yuan.  The wind energy Committee of the Chinese Renewable Energy Society pointed out that the increased government fund budget is expected to solve the problem of subsidies for the renewable energy industry.  

(ii) Three ministries and Commissions: Carry out self-examination of renewable energy power generation subsidies, and the underpayment of renewable energy is expected to be solved at one time  

A notice from the General Office of the National Development and Reform Commission, the General Office of the Ministry of Finance and the Comprehensive Department of the National Energy Administration on self-inspection of renewable energy power generation subsidies was circulated online on March 28.  The circular requires power grid and power generation companies to conduct self-inspections of full-caliber renewable energy power generation projects with subsidized demand that will be connected to the grid by December 31, 2021, until April 15.  

(3) The State Council: another 50 billion yuan for renewable energy subsidies  

Premier Li Keqiang presides over an executive meeting of The State Council on May 11.  The meeting called for ensuring energy supplies.  On top of the previous support, another 50 billion yuan will be allocated to central power generation enterprises for renewable energy subsidies, and 10 billion yuan will be injected from the state capital operation budget to support bail-outs of coal power enterprises and more power generation.  We will optimize policies to release advanced coal production capacity in a safe and orderly manner.  Power cuts must not occur.  

(4) Ministry of Finance: Support renewable energy such as photovoltaic, wind power and biomass, and replace fossil energy with new energy with stable output  

On May 30, the Ministry of Finance issued a notice entitled "Opinions on Financial Support for Carbon peak and Carbon neutrality".  1. Support the building of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system.  We will transform and upgrade coal consumption in an orderly way.  We will improve policies supporting clean energy, vigorously support the use of renewable energy at a high rate, and promote the development of a new type of power system in which the proportion of new energy will gradually increase.  Support photovoltaic, wind power, biomass and other renewable energy, as well as stable output of new energy to replace fossil energy.  We will improve support policies to encourage more unconventional natural gas production and production.  We will encourage regions where conditions permit to develop new types of energy storage and pumped storage in light of local conditions, and accelerate the formation of an electric power development mechanism based on energy storage and peak-regulating capacity.  We will strengthen supervision over energy conservation in key industries and equipment, and organize energy metering reviews.  

(5) Announcement by the Ministry of Finance!  New infrastructure and new energy will be supported by special debt.  We will increase tax rebate policies and speed up government expenditures  

On June 2, the Ministry of Finance held a special press conference to support stabilizing the overall economic market.  According to an official from the Ministry of Finance, 24 of the 33 policies and measures introduced by The State Council in six aspects are directly related to fiscal functions, including taxation, special bonds, government procurement, expenditure policies and people's livelihood social security.  The Ministry of Finance (MOF) will take the initiative to ensure that all policies are implemented quickly, contribute to stabilizing the overall economy, and bring the economy within a reasonable range.  

Treasury officials clear again, should further intensify tax left for tax refund policy, speed up the progress of fiscal expenditure, to speed up the special local government bond issuance use and expanding the scope of the support, go all out to stabilize the market main body, actively expand the investment and consumption, support to ensure the safety of food energy, support industry chain supply chain stability, ensure the basic livelihood of the people.  

The Ministry of Finance has accelerated the use of special bonds issued by local governments and expanded the scope of support, said Ao Wenhan, assistant minister of finance.  We will ensure that all new special bonds issued this year will be basically issued by the end of June, and strive to use them by the end of August. We will include new infrastructure and new energy projects in the focus of special bonds for support, and better leverage the positive role of stabilizing growth and investment.  

(VI) Five ministries and Commissions: increase financial support to promote the healthy and orderly development of wind power and photovoltaic power industry  

In February 2021, the five ministries and commissions jointly issued the Notice on Guiding The Strengthening of Financial Support to Promote the Healthy and Orderly Development of wind power and photovoltaic power Industries, and put forward policies and measures such as loan for confirming subsidy rights and charging renewable energy price surcharges in full amount to solve the problem of subsidy arrears.  

(vii) Ministry of Finance: Preferential allocation of photovoltaic poverty alleviation and distributed subsidies for natural persons  

On January 20, 2020, the Ministry of Finance, the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration jointly issued a supplementary notice on "Several Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of Non-water Renewable Energy Power Generation", which determined the mode of distributing renewable energy subsidies on behalf of power grid enterprises instead of issuing renewable energy subsidies catalogue.  The opinions are clear, power grid enterprises should give priority to the payment of photovoltaic poverty alleviation, natural person distribution, 2019 photovoltaic bidding project, voluntary conversion to parity project.  

At the same time, it clearly adopts the "reasonable utilization hours of the whole life cycle" of various renewable energy power generation projects as the total number of power generation hours that they can enjoy subsidies in 20 years (15 years for biomass power generation), and the excess part will be traded according to the benchmark price and will be issued with green certificates.  

The reasonable utilization hours of the whole life cycle of various projects are as follows:  

The rational life cycle utilization hours of wind power projects in category I, II, III and IV resource zones were 48,000 hours, 44,000 hours, 40,000 hours and 36,000 hours respectively, and the rational life cycle utilization hours of offshore wind power were 52,000 hours.  The reasonable utilization hours of photovoltaic power generation projects in the first, second and third resource areas in the whole life cycle are 32,000 hours, 26,000 hours and 22,000 hours.  (Grassroots PHOTOVOLTAIC)