500W光伏離網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)方案

客戶的用電需求 ：照明20W燈具3盞，平均每天工作5小時，電視機50W，平均每天工作4小時。地點為內(nèi)蒙內(nèi)某牧民家。

需求分析： 負載總功率為110W，都為阻性負載，平均每天用電為0.5度。

設(shè)備選型： 根據(jù)負載的類型和功率，選用12V20A的PWM控制器和500W修正波逆變器，組件采用一塊320W的單晶組件，蓄電池采用一塊12V100AH的鉛酸蓄電池。控制器、逆變器和蓄電池做成一體化柜子，方便攜帶。

5kW光伏離網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)方案

客戶的用電需求 ：照明200瓦每天工作6小時，冰箱50瓦每天工作24小時，兩臺一匹空調(diào)工作12小時，電視機50瓦每天工作10小時。還有洗衣機，臺式電腦，電飯鍋，電風(fēng)扇等家電，客戶安裝地點在四川涼山。

需求分析： 首先統(tǒng)計負載總功率：照明200W、冰箱50W、空調(diào)1500W、電視機50W、洗衣機算300W、臺式電腦200W、電飯鍋1200W、電風(fēng)扇100W，總計3600W。再統(tǒng)計每天用電量：照明1.2度電、冰箱1.3度、空調(diào)5度、電視機0.5度、洗衣機算1度、臺式電腦0.5度、電飯鍋1度、電風(fēng)扇0.5度，平均總計 11度，大部分用電都是在晚上，約8度左右。

系統(tǒng)設(shè)計： 負載總功率為3.6kW，因此選用5kW功率的逆變器，給空調(diào)啟動留有余量；四川涼山光照條件較好，平均每天算4小時，設(shè)計選用3.8KW的組件，平均每天能發(fā)電 15度，離網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)效率較低，一般約0.8，平均每天可用電12度，因此基本上可以滿足99%以上的用電需求；蓄電池設(shè)計為 10度電，滿足正常天氣的用電需求，因為客戶預(yù)算有限，不考慮陰雨天和冬天光照不好的天氣情況。

設(shè)備選型： 選用古瑞瓦特SPF 5000ES控制逆變一體機，輸出功率為5KW，組件采用10塊單晶380W的組件，采用8塊12V150AH鉛酸蓄電池。

電氣方案： 10塊組件全部串聯(lián)，接入逆變器光伏輸入端，8塊12V150AH鉛酸蓄電池，采用4串2并的方式接入逆變器的蓄電池輸入端。電氣圖如下：

500W photovoltaic off-grid system scheme

Customer's electricity demand: 3 lamps with 20W lighting, working 5 hours a day on average; TV with 50W, working 4 hours a day on average. The place is a herdsman's home in Inner Mongolia.

Demand analysis: The total power of the load is 110W, all of them are resistive loads, and the average daily electricity consumption is 0.5 degrees.

Equipment selection: Based on load type and power, 12V20A PWM controller and 500W correction wave inverter are selected, 320W single crystal components are used as components and 12V100AH lead-acid battery is used as storage battery. Controller, inverter and battery made into an integrated cabinet, easy to carry.

The picture

The picture

5kW photovoltaic off-grid system scheme

Customer's demand for electricity: Lighting 200 watts working 6 hours a day, refrigerator 50 watts working 24 hours a day, two one-piece air conditioning 12 hours a day, TV 50 watts working 10 hours a day. As well as washing machines, desktop computers, rice cookers, electric fans and other household appliances, the customer installed in Liangshan, Sichuan.

Demand analysis: First count the total load power: lighting 200W, refrigerator 50W, air conditioning 1500W, TV 50W, washing machine 300W, desktop computer 200W, rice cooker 1200W, electric fan 100W, a total of 3600W. The daily electricity consumption is as follows: 1.2 KWH for lighting, 1.3 KWH for refrigerators, 5 KWH for air conditioners, 0.5 KWH for TV sets, 1 KWH for washing machines, 0.5 KWH for desktop computers, 1 KWH for rice cookers and 0.5 KWH for electric fans. The average total is 11 KWH. Most of the electricity consumption is at night, about 8 KWH.

System design: The total power of the load is 3.6kW, so the inverter with 5kW power is selected to leave enough for the start of the air conditioning. Sichuan Liangshan light condition is good, the average day is 4 hours, the design uses 3.8KW components, the average daily power generation 15 degrees, off-grid system efficiency is low, generally about 0.8, the average daily available electricity of 12 degrees, so basically can meet more than 99% of the demand for electricity; The battery is designed to produce 10 kilowatt hours of electricity to meet the demand in normal weather. Because the customer's budget is limited, the rainy day and the bad illumination in winter are not considered.

Equipment selection: Guruwatt SPF 5000ES is selected to control the inverter all-in-one, with the output power of 5KW, 10 single-crystal 380W components and 8 12V150AH lead-acid batteries are used.

The picture

Electrical scheme: All 10 modules are connected in series to the photovoltaic input end of the inverter, and 8 12V150AH lead-acid batteries are connected to the battery input end of the inverter by means of 4 series and 2 parallel. The electrical drawing is as follows: