7月16日，具有里程碑意義的日子，必將載入“美麗中國(guó)”史冊(cè)。當(dāng)日上午9時(shí)許，全國(guó)碳排放權(quán)交易市場(chǎng)正式啟動(dòng)上線。
9點(diǎn)32分左右，全國(guó)碳市場(chǎng)上線交易正式啟動(dòng)。工作人員介紹，全國(guó)碳市場(chǎng)一開市，最低碳賣價(jià)是52.78元/每噸，最高碳買價(jià)是50.50元/每噸，第一筆交易已在9點(diǎn)32分達(dá)成。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，僅僅數(shù)分鐘后，隨著新交易的不斷達(dá)成，最新碳價(jià)已經(jīng)比開盤價(jià)上漲8.54%。
為緩解全球氣候變暖趨勢(shì)，2005年全球正式生效的《京都議定書》建立了國(guó)際碳排放權(quán)交易制度。據(jù)生態(tài)環(huán)境部介紹，碳排放權(quán)交易市場(chǎng)是我國(guó)利用市場(chǎng)機(jī)制，控制溫室氣體排放、落實(shí)碳達(dá)峰目標(biāo)和碳中和愿景的核心政策工具之一。
據(jù)介紹，從今年1月1日起，全國(guó)碳市場(chǎng)首個(gè)履約周期正式啟動(dòng)，涉及2162家發(fā)電行業(yè)的重點(diǎn)排放單位。這是我國(guó)第一次從國(guó)家層面將溫室氣體控排責(zé)任壓實(shí)到企業(yè)，通過(guò)市場(chǎng)倒逼機(jī)制，促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)升級(jí)。
記者從湖北碳排放權(quán)交易中心獲悉，湖北共有46家企業(yè)被納入全國(guó)首批碳交易市場(chǎng)，包括湖北華電武昌熱電有限公司、國(guó)電青山熱電有限公司、中韓（武漢）石油化工有限公司、武漢鋼電股份有限公司等發(fā)電行業(yè)相關(guān)企業(yè)。
全國(guó)碳排放權(quán)交易市場(chǎng)主要包括兩個(gè)部分。其中,交易中心落地上海,注冊(cè)登記系統(tǒng)設(shè)在湖北。2014年，湖北碳市場(chǎng)作為全國(guó)7個(gè)試點(diǎn)市場(chǎng)之一，開市啟動(dòng)交易。2017年12月，國(guó)家發(fā)改委宣布由湖北牽頭承擔(dān)全國(guó)碳排放權(quán)注冊(cè)登記系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)與運(yùn)維工作。
截至6月30日，湖北碳市場(chǎng)配額共成交3.57億噸，累計(jì)成交總額83.75億元，交易規(guī)模、連續(xù)性、引進(jìn)社會(huì)資金量、企業(yè)參與度等指標(biāo)保持全國(guó)前列?！霸圏c(diǎn)7年、籌建注冊(cè)登記系統(tǒng)4年，湖北終于迎來(lái)了全國(guó)碳市場(chǎng)的正式啟動(dòng)?！焙苯?jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院常務(wù)副院長(zhǎng)、教授孫永平說(shuō)。作為最早參與湖北碳交易體系設(shè)計(jì)的專家，孫永平多年跟蹤研究相關(guān)課題。
我省相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人表示，作為全國(guó)碳市場(chǎng)重要組成部分，湖北將進(jìn)一步完善配額分配方案，拓展特色業(yè)務(wù)，深度對(duì)接全國(guó)碳市場(chǎng)，確保全國(guó)碳市場(chǎng)登記結(jié)算、分配履約順利開展，同時(shí)抓緊制定碳達(dá)峰碳中和方案，推動(dòng)全省減污降碳和全面綠色轉(zhuǎn)型。
業(yè)內(nèi)人士介紹，雖然全國(guó)碳市場(chǎng)首批僅納入發(fā)電行業(yè)，但這些企業(yè)的年均碳排放量預(yù)計(jì)將超過(guò)45億噸二氧化碳。這意味著，中國(guó)的碳排放權(quán)交易市場(chǎng)一經(jīng)啟動(dòng)，就將成為全球覆蓋溫室氣體排放量規(guī)模最大的碳市場(chǎng)。未來(lái)，全國(guó)碳市場(chǎng)范圍將逐步擴(kuò)大，最終覆蓋發(fā)電、石化、化工、建材、鋼鐵、有色金屬、造紙和國(guó)內(nèi)民用航空等八個(gè)行業(yè)。
據(jù)悉，未來(lái)，生態(tài)環(huán)境部將不斷修訂完善相關(guān)制度和交易機(jī)制，強(qiáng)化市場(chǎng)管理，不斷落實(shí)配額分配制度，強(qiáng)化風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范，逐步豐富交易品種方式，提升碳市場(chǎng)活躍度，力爭(zhēng)建設(shè)監(jiān)管有效、公開透明、具有國(guó)際影響力的碳市場(chǎng)。
來(lái)源：湖北日?qǐng)?bào)全媒記者胡弦、左晨、彭藝博、通訊員李斌、張熙

編發(fā)：陳映午
審核：張磊
出品：湖北日?qǐng)?bào)融媒體中心

July 16 is a milestone that will surely go down in the history of "beautiful China".At 9 am, the national carbon emission trading market officially launched online.

At around 9:32 a.m., the national carbon market was officially launched.Staff introduction, the national carbon market opened, the lowest carbon selling price is 52.78 yuan/ton, the highest carbon buying price is 50.50 yuan/ton, the first transaction has been reached at 9:32. Just minutes later, the latest carbon price was 8.54% higher than its opening level, as new deals continued to be struck.

To mitigate global warming, the Kyoto Protocol, which came into force in 2005, established an international carbon trading system.According to the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the carbon emission trading market is one of China's core policy tools to control greenhouse gas emissions and achieve the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality through market mechanism.

It was reported that the first implementation cycle of the national carbon market was officially launched from January 1 this year, involving 2,162 key emitters in the power generation industry. This is the first time for China to impose the responsibility of greenhouse gas control and emission on enterprises at the national level, and promote industrial technology upgrading through the market force mechanism.

The reporter learned from hubei Carbon emission trading Center that a total of 46 enterprises in Hubei were included in the first batch of national carbon trading market, including Hubei Huadian Wuchang Thermal Power Co., LTD., Guodian Qingshan Thermal Power Co., LTD., China-Korea (Wuhan) Petrochemical Co., LTD., Wuhan Steel and Electricity Co., LTD.

The national carbon emission trading market mainly consists of two parts.The trading center is located in Shanghai and the registration system is located in Hubei province. In 2014, hubei carbon market was opened as one of the seven pilot markets in China.In December 2017, the National Development and Reform Commission announced that Hubei would take the lead to undertake the construction, operation and maintenance of the national carbon emission rights registration system.

By June 30, a total of 357 million tons of carbon market quotas were traded in Hubei province, with a total value of 8.375 billion yuan. The transaction scale, continuity, the amount of social capital introduced and the participation of enterprises are among the top indicators in China. "After seven years of pilot work and four years of preparation for the registration system, Hubei has finally ushered in the official launch of the national carbon market." Hubei University of Economics low carbon economics school executive vice president, professor Sun Yongping said. As the first expert to participate in the design of Hubei carbon trading system, Sun Yongping has been tracking and researching related topics for many years.

The relevant person in charge of our province, said as an important part of the national carbon market in hubei province will further perfect the quota allocation, business characteristics, depth and docking carbon markets across the country, to ensure that the carbon market registration and settlement, distribution, performance smoothly, formulating an carbon carbon neutral solution of peak at the same time, promote the province reducing carbon reduction and comprehensive green transformation.

Although only power generation will be included in the first phase of the national carbon market, their annual carbon emissions are expected to exceed 4.5 billion tons of co2, according to industry insiders. That means China's carbon market, once launched, will be the world's largest in terms of greenhouse gas emissions.In the future, the national carbon market will gradually expand to cover eight industries, including power generation, petrochemical, chemical, building materials, iron and steel, non-ferrous metals, paper making and domestic civil aviation.

It is reported that in the future, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will continue to revise and improve relevant systems and trading mechanisms, strengthen market management, continue to implement the quota allocation system, strengthen risk prevention, gradually enrich trading varieties, improve the carbon market activity, and strive to build effective supervision, open and transparent carbon market with international influence.

Source: Hubei Daily full media reporters Hu Xian, Zuo Chen, Peng Yibo, correspondent Li Bin, Zhang Xi

Braiding hair: Chen Yingwu

Review: Zhang Lei

Produced by: Hubei Daily Rong Media Center