三亞市育才生態(tài)區(qū)雅亮村四面環(huán)山，山下一公里開(kāi)外，有著三亞市最大的水利樞紐工程大隆水庫(kù)。雖然守著大隆水庫(kù)，但由于雅亮村的耕地地處山區(qū)地帶，加上水利措施不完善，缺水成了長(zhǎng)期困擾村民生產(chǎn)生活的大問(wèn)題。我們村都是靠天吃飯，莊稼種好了卻沒(méi)有水灌溉，差不多采摘的時(shí)候就死光了。水是農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的命脈，三亞全年日照時(shí)間長(zhǎng)，蒸發(fā)量大，如果沒(méi)有足量的水灌溉，許多農(nóng)作物都不能很好生長(zhǎng)。為緩解旱季缺水灌溉的問(wèn)題，2017年，村民開(kāi)始從大隆水庫(kù)揚(yáng)水至村里的扎吉水庫(kù)，再由扎吉水庫(kù)引入農(nóng)田灌溉。每年揚(yáng)水僅電費(fèi)就7萬(wàn)多元，而村集體年收入不過(guò)3萬(wàn)元。我們駐村工作隊(duì)剛進(jìn)雅亮村的時(shí)候，就發(fā)現(xiàn)村里缺少生產(chǎn)灌溉用水，生活用水也比較缺。村里每年都會(huì)向區(qū)政府申請(qǐng)抗旱經(jīng)費(fèi)，村里的冬季瓜菜種植，每年僅電費(fèi)就需要花6到7萬(wàn)元。利用傳統(tǒng)的技術(shù)，需要投入大量經(jīng)費(fèi)興修水利工程，占用土地，還要消耗電力抽水。那么，究竟有沒(méi)有什么好辦法既能解決用水難題，又能克服這些弊端呢？考慮到三亞擁有豐富的太陽(yáng)能資源，2019年5月，育才生態(tài)區(qū)投資約360萬(wàn)元建設(shè)了太陽(yáng)能光電控水灌溉項(xiàng)目，利用太陽(yáng)能供水，通過(guò)管道將水引入農(nóng)田，既節(jié)約水利投資，又可節(jié)約用地，節(jié)省人力。2019年8月，雅亮村的太陽(yáng)能光電控水灌溉項(xiàng)目正式實(shí)現(xiàn)通水，日供水量約3000立方米。去年光伏發(fā)電引水灌溉剛好供應(yīng)全村的冬季瓜菜，村里灌溉莊稼的水不缺了。如今走在雅亮村，一條約300米長(zhǎng)的光伏板，讓村子有了更多的生機(jī)，得益于太陽(yáng)能光電控水灌溉項(xiàng)目的建成，雅亮村村民解決了生活和灌溉用水問(wèn)題，受益耕地和坡地面積超2000畝，村民再也不用為缺水耕種而發(fā)愁。太陽(yáng)能光電控水灌溉項(xiàng)目的建成解決了村民長(zhǎng)年缺少生產(chǎn)灌溉用水的問(wèn)題，提高了村民發(fā)展種植產(chǎn)業(yè)的積極性。

       近年來(lái)，三亞市大力弘揚(yáng)生態(tài)文明理念和環(huán)保意識(shí)，提高光電等新能源和可再生能源利用率。2016年，三亞市政府常務(wù)會(huì)審議通過(guò)《三亞市太陽(yáng)能分布式光伏發(fā)電項(xiàng)目管理暫行辦法》，設(shè)立分布式光伏發(fā)電項(xiàng)目專(zhuān)項(xiàng)資金，鼓勵(lì)全民積極參與低碳城市建設(shè)。就在雅亮村揚(yáng)水的大隆水庫(kù)，還有大隆水庫(kù)干渠光伏電站，該電站總占地面積25萬(wàn)平方米，采用25740塊360瓦型單晶硅PERC組件和2860塊360瓦型單晶硅雙面PERC組件，共設(shè)10個(gè)1兆瓦光伏子陣，容量達(dá)10兆瓦。電站平均每年可以向電網(wǎng)提供清潔電能1311萬(wàn)千瓦時(shí)，與燃煤電廠相比，以供電標(biāo)煤煤耗每315克千瓦時(shí)計(jì)算，每年可節(jié)約標(biāo)煤1.8萬(wàn)噸。這個(gè)電站每年可以減少多種大氣污染物排放，其中減少二氧化硫排放量約347.6噸，氮氧化物197.5噸，還可減少一氧化碳、二氧化碳、灰渣排放量等，節(jié)能和環(huán)保效果顯著。大隆水庫(kù)干渠光伏電站利用大隆水庫(kù)干渠上方的空間及所屬地塊建設(shè)光伏發(fā)電，特別設(shè)計(jì)了適合架設(shè)在干渠上方的光伏支架，采用單排布置和獨(dú)立基礎(chǔ)，既完全避免對(duì)干渠設(shè)施結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞，降低了渠道蒸發(fā)量，又充分利用了干渠上方的空間，實(shí)現(xiàn)一地兩用，提高了原有土地的使用效率，充分發(fā)揮土地效益，對(duì)土地綜合利用與新能源產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)合發(fā)展起到良好的示范作用。

      利用水庫(kù)干渠結(jié)合光伏的新型發(fā)電站形式，將有利于新能源與水利灌溉開(kāi)發(fā)的互動(dòng)、共融、優(yōu)質(zhì)發(fā)展，加快推進(jìn)水庫(kù)水利工程轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)、農(nóng)民增收、農(nóng)村發(fā)展，促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、社會(huì)效益及環(huán)境效益顯著。除了利用水庫(kù)干渠上方空間及所屬地塊建設(shè)光伏發(fā)電，在三亞崖州漁港屋頂光伏發(fā)電項(xiàng)目中，則利用了中心漁港生產(chǎn)配套區(qū)A座冷庫(kù)和聯(lián)排制儲(chǔ)冰樓屋頂，規(guī)劃建設(shè)并網(wǎng)型光伏發(fā)電項(xiàng)目。

     2017年1月，南網(wǎng)能源公司與三亞崖州港灣投資有限公司以合同能源管理模式簽訂了《三亞崖州中心漁港光伏發(fā)電項(xiàng)目屋面租賃合同》，開(kāi)展光伏發(fā)電，屋面租賃面積共計(jì)14000平方米，選用320瓦單晶硅光伏組件，共安裝4712塊，裝機(jī)容量達(dá)1507.840千瓦。本項(xiàng)目并網(wǎng)后，平均每年可發(fā)電168萬(wàn)千瓦時(shí)，25年的發(fā)電周期內(nèi)可為三亞電網(wǎng)提供4222萬(wàn)千瓦時(shí)的清潔能源，增加了供電所供電的可靠性。三亞崖州漁港屋頂光伏發(fā)電項(xiàng)目屬于分布式光伏發(fā)電，按照就近分散接入，就地平衡消納的原則，采用全額上網(wǎng)運(yùn)行模式。為企業(yè)提供了小容量分布式光伏發(fā)電并網(wǎng)的實(shí)踐平臺(tái)，為使用太陽(yáng)能光電示范系統(tǒng)積累了經(jīng)驗(yàn)和數(shù)據(jù)。不僅采用太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電技術(shù)，安全環(huán)保無(wú)污染，并且不占土地進(jìn)行光伏系統(tǒng)的安裝，讓寶貴的土地資源得到了重復(fù)有效的利用，推動(dòng)社會(huì)節(jié)能減排，實(shí)現(xiàn)城市能源的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。它能實(shí)現(xiàn)減排二氧化碳3679噸，減排二氧化硫1110噸，減排氮氧化物553噸，減排碳粉塵36815噸，社會(huì)環(huán)境效益可觀。
光伏發(fā)電還是三亞開(kāi)展脫貧攻堅(jiān)工作中，實(shí)現(xiàn)貧困戶產(chǎn)業(yè)脫貧的一個(gè)重要舉措。通過(guò)在屋頂安裝光伏電池板發(fā)電，接受太陽(yáng)光，把光能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，然后并網(wǎng)輸送到電網(wǎng)。除了供應(yīng)家庭使用，剩下的以一定的價(jià)格出售給南方電網(wǎng)。只要出太陽(yáng)，家里就有收入。2018年海棠區(qū)打贏脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)中，海棠區(qū)南田居投入資金給有條件的貧困戶建設(shè)光伏設(shè)備，通過(guò)建設(shè)的光伏設(shè)備并網(wǎng)發(fā)電，實(shí)現(xiàn)南田居19戶脫貧戶每年每戶光伏發(fā)電收益約2000元。光伏發(fā)電項(xiàng)目，它具有長(zhǎng)期的穩(wěn)定收入低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)特性，一直以來(lái)是作為增加農(nóng)民經(jīng)濟(jì)收益、農(nóng)村扶貧、鄉(xiāng)村振興經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要項(xiàng)目之一，它在給老百姓帶來(lái)經(jīng)濟(jì)收入的同時(shí)，也減少碳的排放，這就實(shí)現(xiàn)生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)及經(jīng)濟(jì)效益雙豐收，助力三亞低碳城市的建設(shè)。
         光伏發(fā)電，有效利用了太陽(yáng)能取之不盡，用之不竭的特點(diǎn)，有清潔、安全等顯著優(yōu)勢(shì)，是真正綠色環(huán)保的新型可再生資源。三亞積極利用光伏發(fā)電技術(shù)，建設(shè)光伏發(fā)電項(xiàng)目，平衡地球資源，極大地解決了資源浪費(fèi)的問(wèn)題，同時(shí)，減少了污染氣體的排放，助力于綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。

Yaliang Village in Yucai Ecological Zone of Sanya City is surrounded by mountains. One kilometer away from the mountain lies the Dalong Reservoir, the largest water conservancy project in Sanya City.Although guarding Dalong Reservoir, because Yaliang village's cultivated land is located in mountainous area, coupled with imperfect water conservancy measures, water shortage has long been a major problem troubling the villagers' production and life.Our village depends on the weather for food. The crops are planted, but there is no water to irrigate them. They die almost when they are picked.Water is the lifeblood of agricultural production. Sanya has long sunshine and large evaporation throughout the year. If there is no sufficient water irrigation, many crops cannot grow well. In 2017, villagers began pumping water from the Dalong Reservoir to the village's Zaji Reservoir, where it was diverted to irrigate fields, in order to alleviate the shortage of irrigation during the dry season. Every year water only electricity costs 70 thousand yuan, and the village collective annual income does not exceed 30 thousand yuan.When our village team first entered Yaliang village, we found that the village was short of irrigation water for production and domestic use. The village will apply for drought relief funds to the district government every year. The winter melon and vegetable planting in the village will cost 60,000 to 70,000 yuan for electricity only. Using traditional technology requires a lot of money to build water projects, occupy land, and consume electricity to pump water.So, is there any good way to solve the water problem and overcome these disadvantages? Considering that Sanya is rich in solar energy resources, Yucai Ecological Zone invested about 3.6 million yuan to build a solar photoelectric controlled water irrigation project in May 2019. The project uses solar energy to supply water and introduces water into farmland through pipes, which not only saves water investment, but also saves land use and manpower.In August 2019, the solar photoelectric controlled water irrigation project in Yaliang Village officially realized water supply, with a daily water supply of about 3,000 cubic meters. Last year photovoltaic power diversion irrigation just supply the whole village winter melon vegetables, the village irrigation crops of water is not short of. Today, walking in Yaliang Village, a 300-meter-long photovoltaic panel has brought more vitality to the village. Thanks to the completion of the solar photoelectric controlled water irrigation project, villagers in Yaliang Village have solved the problem of living and irrigation water, benefiting over 2,000 mu of cultivated land and sloping land, and villagers no longer have to worry about farming without water. The completion of the solar photoelectric controlled water irrigation project has solved the problem of the villagers' perennial lack of irrigation water for production and increased the enthusiasm of the villagers to develop the planting industry.

In recent years, Sanya has vigorously promoted the concept of ecological civilization and environmental awareness, and improved the utilization rate of new and renewable energy such as photoelectricity. In 2016, the executive meeting of Sanya Municipal Government deliberated and approved the Interim Measures for the Management of Solar Distributed Photovoltaic Power Generation Projects in Sanya City, and set up special funds for distributed photovoltaic power generation projects to encourage the public to actively participate in the construction of low-carbon cities.Yaliang village in the Dalong reservoir, and Dalong reservoir main channel photovoltaic power station, the power station covers a total area of 250,000 square meters, using 25740 360 watt type monocratic silicon PERC components and 2860 360 watt type monocratic silicon double-sided PERC components, a total of 10 1 MW photovoltaic sub-array, capacity of 10 MW. The power station can provide 13.11 million kilowatt-hours of clean electric energy to the power grid on average every year. Compared with coal-fired power plants, the annual saving of 18,000 tons of standard coal can be calculated based on the coal consumption of 315 grams of standard coal for power supply.The power station can reduce the emission of a variety of air pollutants every year, including sulfur dioxide emission of about 347.6 tons, nitrogen oxides of 197.5 tons, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ash emissions, etc., and the effect of energy saving and environmental protection is remarkable. Dalong reservoir main canal photovoltaic power station using dalong reservoir space above the main canal and the plot construction of photovoltaic power generation, especially designed for the erection of the photovoltaic bracket on the top of the main canal, adopts single row layout and independent foundation, already completely avoid damage to the structure of the main facilities, reduce the channel capacity, and make full use of the space above the main canal, realize a dual-use, improve the efficiency of the original land use, give full play to the benefit of land, the land utilization and combining with the development of new energy industry play a good demonstration effect.

The new form of power station combining photovoltaic with reservoir trunk canal will be conducive to the interaction, co-integration and high-quality development of new energy and water conservancy and irrigation development, accelerate the transformation and upgrading of reservoir water conservancy project, increase farmers' income and rural development, promote the local economic development, with significant economic, social and environmental benefits. In addition to using the space above the main channel of the reservoir and the land to build photovoltaic power generation, in the rooftop photovoltaic power generation project of Sanya Yazhou Fishery Port, the grid connected photovoltaic power generation project is planned and constructed by using the roof of Block A cold storage and row storage ice building in the supporting area of the central fishing port.

In January 2017, the south cliff state energy company, and sanya bay investment co., LTD to sign the contract energy management mode of the photovoltaic power generation project roofing sanya cliff state center fishing port leasing contract, in photovoltaic power generation, roofing leasing area of 14000 square meters, choose 320 watts of monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, install 4712 block, the installed capacity of 1507.840 kw. After the project is connected to the grid, it can generate 1.68 million kilowatt-hours of electricity on average every year, and provide 42.22 million kilowatt-hours of clean energy to Sanya power grid in a 25-year generation cycle, which increases the reliability of the power supply station.The rooftop photovoltaic power generation project of Sanya Yazhou Fishing Port belongs to distributed photovoltaic power generation. According to the principle of decentralized access nearby and balanced consumption on site, the operation mode of full amount online is adopted. It provides a practical platform for enterprises to connect small capacity distributed photovoltaic power generation to the grid, and accumulates experience and data for the use of solar photovoltaic demonstration system. It not only adopts solar power generation technology, which is safe, environment-friendly and pollution-free, but also does not occupy land for the installation of photovoltaic system, so that the valuable land resources are repeatedly and effectively utilized, promoting social energy conservation and emission reduction, and realizing the sustainable development of urban energy. It can reduce carbon dioxide by 3679 tons, sulfur dioxide by 1110 tons, nitrogen oxide by 553 tons and carbon dust by 36,815 tons, with considerable social and environmental benefits.

Photovoltaic power generation is also an important measure to realize poverty alleviation in Sanya's poverty alleviation work.They generate electricity by installing photovoltaic panels on the roof, which receive sunlight and convert it into electricity, which is then fed to the grid. In addition to supplying household use, the rest is sold to China Southern Power Grid at a certain price.As long as the sun shines, the family has an income. In 2018, Haitang District won the battle of poverty alleviation, Haitang District Nantianju invested funds to build photovoltaic equipment for eligible poor households, through the construction of photovoltaic equipment connected to the grid, to achieve 19 households out of poverty in Nantianju photovoltaic income of about 2,000 yuan per household every year.Photovoltaic power generation project, it has a long-term stable income low carbon economy features, has been as economic increase farmers income, rural poverty reduction, rural economic development of one of the important project, it's on to bring economic income to the people at the same time, also to reduce carbon emissions, which is to achieve the ecological environment protection and economic efficiency double abundant harvest, help sanya low-carbon construction of city.

Photovoltaic power generation, the effective use of solar energy inexhaustible, inexhaustible characteristics, clean, safe and other significant advantages, is a real green environmental protection of the new renewable resources. Sanya actively uses photovoltaic power generation technology and builds photovoltaic power generation projects to balance the earth's resources, which greatly solves the problem of resource waste and reduces the emission of polluting gases, contributing to the development of green economy.