自發(fā)自用，余量上網(wǎng)”是指 2022年， 自4年前，俄羅斯在烏克蘭頓巴斯地區(qū)發(fā)動戰(zhàn)爭以來，能源安全和獨立在烏克蘭的議程上已經(jīng)占據(jù)了更高的位置。
2014年前，烏克蘭嚴重依賴俄羅斯作為天然氣供應國。近年，烏克蘭轉(zhuǎn)向加強本國可再生能源發(fā)展，光伏市場正在迅速增長。2021年1月至10月，烏克蘭可在生能源發(fā)電量同比增長超10%，達到100億千瓦時。其中， 光伏發(fā)電占比60.4%，位居第一位。
據(jù)外網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)，截至2021年7月，烏克蘭累計光伏總裝機量達7.74GW，其中，地面裝機6.4GW， 戶用裝機933MW。
事實上，戶用光伏電站備受烏克蘭市民青睞。
據(jù)烏克蘭國家能源效率與節(jié)能署最新數(shù)據(jù)，截至2021年7月1日，烏克蘭有3.54萬個家庭使用光伏發(fā)電，裝機總?cè)萘窟_933MW。
光伏裝機容量排名前3的地區(qū)，分別為聶伯羅彼得羅夫斯克地區(qū)(5706戶，總?cè)萘?41MW)、Ternopil地區(qū)(2788戶，總?cè)萘?9MW)和基輔地區(qū)(2718戶，總?cè)萘?8MW)。
除了戶用光伏，烏克蘭還擁有不少大型地面電站，其中，歐洲最大地面電站也在烏克蘭當?shù)亍?
2019年11月18日，烏克蘭最大光伏電站并網(wǎng)發(fā)電，裝機總?cè)萘繛?23MW，占地437公頃。共使用873，756塊光伏板，組件供應商為東方日升，從項目開工到正式并網(wǎng)，該電站僅僅歷時8個月工期，開創(chuàng)了中烏兩國新能源領(lǐng)域合作的新紀錄。
2019年4月19日，由中企承建的烏克蘭大型光伏地面電站正式并網(wǎng)發(fā)電，裝機容量200MW，組件供應商之一為天合光能，該項目共使用75萬塊光伏板，每年發(fā)電量預計可滿足14萬家庭的用電需求，可減少30萬噸二氧化碳排放。
烏克蘭作為新興的GW級光伏市場，給國內(nèi)不少光伏企業(yè)提供了商機。國內(nèi)部分上市企業(yè)在烏克蘭均有業(yè)務。
目前，受俄烏局勢影響，哪些光伏企業(yè)在烏克蘭當?shù)赜袠I(yè)務？有什么影響？據(jù)小盒子整理，部分光伏企業(yè)最新回應匯總?cè)缦拢?
在烏克蘭，除了光伏，風電也是與中國企業(yè)合作較多的領(lǐng)域。
2021年7月，金風科技公告，公司下屬控股子公司金風烏克蘭與AIP和APE分別簽署期限為25年的《機組質(zhì)保運維服務協(xié)議》，由金風烏克蘭為其提供機組質(zhì)保運維服務。
針對俄烏局勢，金風科技表示，公司在烏克蘭沒有投資風電場，只有整機產(chǎn)品訂單。公司目前在烏克蘭機組產(chǎn)品銷售訂單，按照正常計劃進行交付，未受到影響。此外，公司在烏克蘭沒有固定資產(chǎn)投資，不存在投資類風險。
另外，龍源電力在烏克蘭有在運風電項目，2022年1月份發(fā)電量達28777兆瓦時。據(jù)悉，烏克蘭尤日內(nèi)風電項目位于烏克蘭西南部敖德薩州，總裝機容量為76.5MW，使用17臺風機，項目計劃總投資92503萬元。
烏克蘭的大片土地面積和氣候，非常適宜發(fā)展光伏、風電等可再生能源，烏克蘭國家科學院的研究表明，通過適當?shù)耐顿Y，烏克蘭90%的能源可能來自可再生能源。但是，從現(xiàn)在局勢來說，一切還不明朗。
最后，小盒子想說，在戰(zhàn)爭中，只有苦難，沒有勝利，惟愿世界和平。

Energy security and independence have moved higher up Ukraine's agenda since Russia launched a war in the Donbas region four years ago.  

Until 2014, Ukraine relied heavily on Russia as a supplier of natural gas.  In recent years, Ukraine has turned to strengthening its own renewable energy development, and the photovoltaic market is growing rapidly.  From January to October 2021, Ukraine's renewable energy generation increased by more than 10% year-on-year to 10 billion kilowatt hours.  Among them, photovoltaic power generation accounted for 60.4%, ranking first.  

According to external network data, as of July 2021, Ukraine's cumulative total photovoltaic installed capacity reached 7.74GW, including ground installed capacity of 6.4GW and household installed capacity of 933MW.  

In fact, household photovoltaic power stations are favored by Ukrainians.  

As of July 1, 2021, 35,400 homes in Ukraine were using photovoltaic power, with a total installed capacity of 933MW, according to the latest data from Ukraine's State Agency for Energy Efficiency and Energy Conservation.  

The top 3 regions in pv installed capacity are Nipropetrovsk region (5706 households with a total capacity of 141MW), Ternopil region (2788 households with a total capacity of 79MW) and Kiev region (2718 households with a total capacity of 78MW).  

In addition to household pv, Ukraine also has many large ground power plants, among which the largest ground power plant in Europe is also located in Ukraine.  

On November 18, 2019, Ukraine's largest photovoltaic power station was connected to the grid, with a total installed capacity of 323MW and an area of 437 hectares.   A total of 873,756 photovoltaic panels were used, and the module supplier was Dongfang Rison. From the start of the project to the formal grid connection, the project only took eight months to complete, setting a new record in the new energy cooperation between China and Ukraine.  

On April 19, 2019, a large-scale photovoltaic ground power station in Ukraine built by a Chinese company was officially connected to the grid, with an installed capacity of 200MW. Trina Solar is one of the component suppliers. The project uses 750,000 photovoltaic panels, and the annual electricity generation is expected to meet the electricity demand of 140,000 households and reduce 300,000 tons of carbon dioxide emissions.  

Ukraine, as an emerging GW pv market, provides business opportunities for many domestic pv enterprises.  Some domestic listed enterprises have business in Ukraine.  

Currently, affected by the situation in Russia and Ukraine, which pv companies have business in Ukraine?  What's the impact?  According to the small box, the latest response of some photovoltaic enterprises is summarized as follows:  

In Ukraine, besides photovoltaic, wind power is also a field of cooperation with Chinese enterprises.  

In July 2021, Goldwind announced that the company's holding subsidiary Goldwind Ukraine and AIP and APE signed the "Unit Quality Assurance Operation and Maintenance Service Agreement" with a term of 25 years respectively, and Goldwind Ukraine will provide the unit quality assurance operation and maintenance service.  

In view of the situation in Russia and Ukraine, Goldwind technology said that the company has not invested in wind farms in Ukraine, only orders for complete machines.   The company is currently in Ukraine unit product sales orders, according to the normal schedule of delivery, has not been affected.  In addition, the company has no fixed asset investment in Ukraine, so there is no investment risk.  

In addition, Longyuan has a wind power project in Ukraine, generating 28,777 MEGAwatt hours in January 2022.  It is reported that Ukraine Yuzhine wind power project is located in Odessa, southwestern Ukraine, with a total installed capacity of 76.5MW, 17 wind turbines, and a total planned investment of 925.03 million yuan.  

Ukraine's large land area and climate are very suitable for the development of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic and wind power. Studies by the Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences show that 90 percent of Ukraine's energy could come from renewable sources with proper investment.   But, for now, everything is not clear.  

Finally, the little box wanted to say, in war there is only suffering, no victory, and may the world be in peace.